Perbedaan Penurunan Suhu Tubuh Anak Bronchopneumonia yang diberikan Kompres Hangat di Axilla dan Frontal

Abstract

Bronchopneumoniapada anak saat ini menjadi penyakit yang paling sering terjadi pada anak. Masalah keperawatan
utama yang terjadi pada anak dengan pneumonia adalah terjadinya demam yang sangat berbahaya jika tidak
ditangani dengan tepat. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui perbedaan penurunan suhu tubuh pada anak demam
dengan bronchopneumonia yang diberikan intervensi kompres hangat di axilladan frontaldi Ruang Anak RS
“Xâ€. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimen dengan rancangan pretest and posttest
two group before after design. Sampel berjumlah 30 orang dengan usia 0-12 bulan, diambil secara purposive
sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan termometer digital. Analisis data dilakukan dengan dependent sample t test
dan independent sample t test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata suhu tubuh pada anak demam dengan
bronchopneumoniasebelum diberikan intervensi kompres hangat di daerah axilla38,51ºC sedangkan di frontal
38,34ºC. Rata- rata suhu tubuh setelah diberikan intervensi di axilla37,89ºC dan di frontal37,98ºC. Rata-rata
penurunan suhu tubuh setelah diberikan intervensi di axilla0.62ºC sedangkan di daerah frontal0.36ºC (nilai
p=0.000; α=0.05), sehingga dapat disimpulkan ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara pemberian kompres hangat di
axilladan di frontalterhadap penurunan suhu tubuh pada anak demam. Saran berdasarkan hasil penelitian, pemberian
kompres hangat di axilladapat dijadikan intervensi dalam menurunkan suhu tubuh anak yang mengalami demam.

Kata kunci: Axilla, bronchopneumonia, demam, frontal, kompres hangat

 

Abstract
Bronchopneumonia is the most common diseases in children. The primary nursing problems occurred in children with
bronchopneumonia is fever. This could be danger if could not treated appropriately. The aimed of this study was to
identified the differences between warm compress intervention in axilla and frontal to reduce fever in children with
bronchopneumonia in hospital X in Bandung. The method used in this study was quasi experiment with two group
pre and post test design. Purposive sampling was used as sampling technique in this study, with 30 respondents were
participated in this study. Data was analysed using dependent t test and independent t test. Result of this study showed
the average of body temperature in febrile children with bronchopneumonia before warm compress intervention
in axilla is 38.51 º C , while in the frontal 38.34º C. The average of body temperature after a given intervention
in the axilla is 37.89º C, while in the frontal is 37.98ºC. There was a significant temperature’s decreases between
frontal and axilla after intervention (p = 0.000; α = 0.05). There was a significant difference between giving a warm
compress in the axilla and in the frontal the decrease in body temperature in febrile children. Based on this study,
it can be concluded axillary warm compress can be used as an effective intervention to reduce fever in children.

Key words:Axilla, bronchopneumonia, fever, frontal, warm compresses