Hubungan Tingkat Pendidikan, Pekerjaan, dan Paritas Ibu dengan Usia Penyapihan pada Balita

Abstract

Penyapihan cepat adalah salah satu penyebab anak terserang infeksi karena daya tahan tubuhnya menurun,
namun ditemukan banyak ibu-ibu yang melakukan penyapihan cepat di Wilayah Posyandu “Xâ€. Penelitian ini
bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pendidikan, pekerjaan, dan paritas ibu dengan usia penyapihan
pada balita di Wilayah Posyandu X menggunakan metode deskriptif korelasional dengan studi retrospektif
terhadap 60 responden ibu yang memiliki anak usia 2−5 tahun dengan tehnik purposive samplingdan dianalisis
menggunakan spearman rankdan odd ratio(OR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara
tingkat pendidikan dengan usia penyapihan (p=0.868), ada hubungan negatif antara pekerjaan dengan usia
penyapihan (p=0.016) dan ada hubungan antara paritas dengan usia penyapihan (p=0.027) serta nilai odd ratio
(OR) 8,143. Dari hasil penelitian disarankan bahwa pendidikan kesehatan tentang ASI perlu ditambahkan
tentang cara penyapihan ASI yang benar dan mengevaluasi pendidikan kesehatan yang diberikan secara teratur.

Kata kunci: Balita, paritas, pekerjaan, penyapihan ASI, tingkat pendidikan

 

Abstract
The early weaning process is one of the infection causes among children. That process have influenced
in reducing the children’s immune. However, many mothers in the “Posyandu X†have applied the early
weaning process to their children. This study aimed to know the relationship between the level of education,
job status, maternal parities and the weaning time in toddlers in the “Posyandu Xâ€. This study used the
descriptive correlational approach with retrospective study. Samples were 60 mothers who have children
aged 2-5 years old. Samples were chosen using the purposive sampling method, and data were analysed
using spearman rank and odd ratio (OR). The result showed that there were no correlation between the level
of education and the age of weaning (p=0.868), there were negative correlation between mother’s job status
and the age of weaning (p=0.016), and there were correlation between the maternal parity and the age of
waning p=0.027). The study also found that the odd ratio= 8.143. The study suggests that the health education
program related to breast feeding should involve the weaning process as part of the health education material.

Key words:Job status, parities, the level of education, the weaning process, toddlers