Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Padjadjaran of Nursing Journal

Original

Vol. 12 No. 3 (2024): Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran

The effect of 12-weeks foot exercise on blood glucose levels, ankle brachial index, and sensation of protection in diabetes mellitus patients: A quasi-experiment study

  • Rosliana Dewi+
  • Johan Budhiana
  • Marina Pra Agustina
  • Fera Melinda
  • Astri Zeini Wahida
DOI
https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v12i3.2566
Submitted
July 3, 2024
Published
2024-12-25

Abstract

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a global health issue causing nerve damage, blood vessel damage, and leg impairment. Foot exercises can improve risk factors for diabetic foot ulcers, neuropathy symptoms, pressure distribution, joint mobility, and strength in individuals with diabetes. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effect of 12-weeks foot exercise on blood glucose levels, ABI values, and sensation of protection in diabetes mellitus patients West Java, Indonesia. Methods: The sample in this study was individuals aged 18 or above with a confirmed diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. A 154 patients willingly volunteered to participate and were subsequently enrolled in the study (77 in intervention group and 77 in control group).  The study encompassed participants who engaged in a twelve-week regimen of foot exercises utilizing teaching modules and video materials.The study employed several tools, namely a glucometer, a glucometer stick, Ankle Brachial Index value, and a questionnaire. A bivariate analysis using the paired t-test and ANCOVA was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics version 22.0. Results: In intervention group, random blood glucose was decreased significantly from 237.5 ± 9.56 at baseline to 188.0 ±6 9.19 after intervention (p=0.002). Sensation of protection as measure by the number of areas with loss sensation was improve from 5.21 ± 1.03 at baseline to 3.42 ± 1.21 after intervention (p=0.001). While, no significant improvement in ankle-brachial index after intervention (p=0.413). The ANCOVA test showed that between group, sensation of protection was significantly different in intervention group compare to control group (ß =0.413, p-value=0.038). Conclusions: The study found that a 12-week foot exercise program significantly improves blood glucose and sensation protection, but not ankle-brachial index. Further research is needed with a more rigorous study design and larger sample size.

Article Matrics
Abstract views : 219 times PDF Downloads: 18

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

  1. Alexiadou, K., & Doupis, J. (2012). Management of diabetic foot ulcers. Diabetes Therapy, 3, 1–15.
  2. Alfin, R., Busjra, & Azzam, R. (2019). Pengaruh Jalan Kaki Terhadap Kadar Gula Darah Pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe II. Dinamika Kesehatan Jurnal Kebidanan Dan Keperawatan, 10(2), 911–915. https://doi.org/10.33859/dksm.v10i2.468
  3. Armstrong, D. G., Boulton, A. J. M., & Bus, S. A. (2017). Diabetic foot ulcers and their recurrence. New England Journal of Medicine, 376(24), 2367–2375.
  4. Azitha, M., Aprilia, D., & Ilhami, Y. R. (2018). Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Kadar Glukosa Darah Puasa pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus yang Datang ke Poli Klinik Penyakit Dalam Rumah Sakit M. Djamil Padang. In Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas (Vol. 7, Issue 3).
  5. Boulton, A. J. M., Vileikyte, L., Ragnarson-Tennvall, G., & Apelqvist, J. (2005). The global burden of diabetic foot disease. Lancet (London, England), 366(9498), 1719–1724. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67698-2
  6. Dewi, R., Agustina, F. D., Budhiana, J., & Fatmala, S. D. (2021). Effects of Five-Finger Relaxation Technique on Depression in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Jurnal Keperawatan Soedirman, 16(1).
  7. Dewi, R., Arsyi, D. N., La Ede, A. R., & Budhiana, J. (2021). FACTORS AFFECTING QUALITY OF LIFE FOR PEOPLE WITH DIABETES MELLITUS IN THE WORKING AREA OF THE SELABATU HEALTH CENTER SUKABUMI CITY. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTERPROFESSIONAL HEALTH COLLABORATION AND COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT, 3(1), 111–118.
  8. Dewi, Y., Wardani, A., Handayani, L. T., & Dewi, S. R. (2018). Pengaruh Senam Kaki Terhadap Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) Pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sumbersari Jember. 17.
  9. Embuai, S. (2020). Penurunan Status Neuropati Pasien Diabetes Melitus dengan Melakukan Senam Kaki Diabetik. Jurnal Keperawatan, 12(2), 173–180.
  10. Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G* Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175–191.
  11. Hastuti, M., & Tarigan, R. (2020). Efektifitas Terapi Kaki dalam Menurunkan Keluhan Neuropati Diabetik pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus. Jurnal Maternitas Kebidanan, 5(2), 11–20.
  12. IDF Diabetes Atlas. (2021). Diabetes Around the World in 2021.
  13. Istiroha, STP, E. A., & Harmayetty. (2017). Pengaruh Aktivitas Perlindungan Kaki Terhadap Sensasi Proteksi Dan Range Of Motionkaki Pada Penderita Dibetes Melitus Tipe 2 Dengan Neuropati Perifer. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan, 10(2), 156–163.
  14. Khambati, F. A., Shetty, V. P., Ghate, S. D., & Capadia, G. D. (2009). Sensitivity and specificity of nerve palpation, monofilament testing and voluntary muscle testing in detecting peripheral nerve abnormality, using nerve conduction studies as gold standard; a study in 357 patients. Leprosy Review, 80(1), 34–50.
  15. Khan, Y. H., Sarriff, A., Adnan, A. S., Khan, A. H., & Mallhi, T. H. (2016). Chronic kidney disease, fluid overload and diuretics: a complicated triangle. PloS One, 11(7), e0159335.
  16. Khomsah, I. Y., Sofiani, Y., & Irawati, D. (2019a). Efektivitas home exercise terhadap ankle brachial index (ABI) dan skor sensitivitas kaki pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan, 9(1), 1–9.
  17. Khomsah, I. Y., Sofiani, Y., & Irawati, D. (2019b). Efektivitas home exercise terhadap ankle brachial index (ABI) dan skor sensitivitas kaki pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan, 9(1), 1–9.
  18. Made Lasia, I., Ayu, G., Agustini, R., Purwaningsih, N. K., Bina, S., & Bali, U. (2020). Pengaruh Senam Kaki Diabetik Terhadap Ankle Brachial Index (Abi) Pada Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe Ii Di Puskesmas Ii Denpasar Selatan. Jurnal Keperawatan Terapan (e-Journal), 06(01), 2442–6873.
  19. Nataraj, M., Maiya, A. G., Karkada, G., Hande, M., Rodrigues, G. S., Shenoy, R., & Prasad, S. S. (2019). Application of topical oxygen therapy in healing dynamics of diabetic foot ulcers-a systematic review. The Review of Diabetic Studies: RDS, 15, 74.
  20. Norouzi, E., Gerber, M., Masrour, F. F., Vaezmosavi, M., Pühse, U., & Brand, S. (2020). Implementation of a mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program to reduce stress, anxiety, and depression and to improve psychological well-being among retired Iranian football players. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 47, 101636. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2019.101636
  21. Nuraeni, N., & Arjita, I. P. D. (2019). Pengaruh Senam Kaki Diabet Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Gula Darah Pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Type Ii. Jurnal Kedokteran, 3(2), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.36679/kedokteran.v3i2.80
  22. Prasetyo, A. C. (2017). Pengaruh Terapi Senam Kaki Diabetik Terhadap Sensitivitas Kaki Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Babadan …. STIKes Bhakti Husada Mulia Madiun, 1–135.
  23. Priyoto, & Widyaningrum, D. A. (2020a). PENGARUH SENAM KAKI TERHADAP PERUBAHAN KADAR GULA DARAH PADA LANSIA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE II DI DESA BALEREJO KABUPATEN MADIUN. Jurnal Keperawatan, 13(1), 1–9.
  24. Priyoto, & Widyaningrum, D. A. (2020b). PENGARUH SENAM KAKI TERHADAP PERUBAHAN KADAR GULA DARAH PADA LANSIA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE II DI DESA BALEREJO KABUPATEN MADIUN. Jurnal Keperawatan, 13(1), 1–9.
  25. Rahman, A., Maryuni, S., & Rahmadhani, A. D. (2021). Pengaruh Latihan Senam Kaki Diabetes Terhadap Sensitivitas Kaki pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe II. Jurnal Keperawatan Profesional, 2(1), 7–14. https://doi.org/10.36590/kepo.v2i1.142
  26. Rahmasari, I., & Wahyuni, E. S. (2019). Efektivitas momordica carantia (pare) terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah. Jurnal Ilmiah Rekam Medis Dan Informatika Kesehatan, 9(1), 57–64.
  27. Ratnawati, D., Ayu, S., Adyani, M., Fitroh, A., Pembangunan, U., & Veteran, N. (2019). Pelaksanaan senam kaki mengendalikan kadar gula darah pada lansia Diabetes Melitus di Posbindu Anyelir Lubang Buaya. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat, 11(1), 49–59.
  28. Sanjaya, P. B. (2019). Pengaruh Senam Kaki Diabetik Terhadap Sensivitas Kaki Pada Pasien Dm Tipe 2. Communty Of Publishing In Nursing, 97–102.
  29. Santosa, A., & Rusmono, W. (2016). SENAM KAKI UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN KADAR GULA DARAH DAN MENURUNKAN TEKANAN BRACHIAL PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS. MEDISAINS: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Kesehatan, 14(2), 24–34.
  30. Trisna, E., & Musiana, M. (2018). Pengaruh Senam Kaki terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah dan Nilai ABI Penderita DM. Jurnal Kesehatan, 9(3), 439–444.
  31. Utama, Y. A., & Nainggolan, S. S. (2021). Pengaruh Senam Kaki terhadap Nilai Ankle Brachial Index Pada Pasien Diebetes Melitus Tipe II: Sebuah Tinjauan Sistematis. Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi, 21(2), 657–663.
  32. Utami, I. T. (2019). Pengaruh Senam Kaki Diabetes terhadap Nilai Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) dan Nilai Ipswich Touch Test (IPTT) pada Pasien DM Tipe 2. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan Sai Betik, 15(1), 1–6.
  33. Wahyuni, A. (2016). Senam Kaki Diabetik Efektif Meningkatkan Ankle Brachial Index Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. Jurnal Ipteks Terapan, 9(2), 155–164. https://doi.org/10.22216/jit.2015.v9i2.231
  34. Weliani, N. L. P. (2020). LITERATURE REVIEW NILAI ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS DENGAN PEMBERIAN FOOT SPA DIABETIC. STIKES Wira Medika Bali.
  35. Wibisana, E., & Sofiani, Y. (2017). Pengaruh Senam Kaki Terhadap Kadar Gula Darah Pasien Diabetes Melitus Di RSU Serang Provinsi Banten. Jurnal JKFT: Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang, 2, 107–114.
  36. Yuwono, P., Khoiriyati, A., & Sari, N. K. (2015). PENGARUH TERAPI PIJAT REFLEKSI KAKI TERHADAP ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX (ABI) PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2. MOTORIK, 10(20), 1–12.
  37. Zukhri, S. (2017). Pengaruh senam kaki terhadap. 000.