Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Padjadjaran of Nursing Journal

Original

Vol. 12 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran

Mindfulness-Based Asmaul Husna and changes in general adaptive function response among schizophrenia: A Quasi-experimental study

DOI
https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v12i2.2506
Submitted
February 26, 2024
Published
2024-08-28

Abstract

Background. Poor functional capacity is one of the factors that increase the risk of recurrence of positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Mindfulness is a treatment potentially help patients become fully accepting of their conditions and conscious of it, allowing them to regulate unpleasant emotions and increase awareness of positive emotions. Methods. This study aimed to investigate effect of mindfulness-based Asmaul Husna on the overall adaptive functioning of individuals with schizophrenia. This quasi-experiment times series study involved 36 participants selected with simple random sampling. The inclusion criteria of participants were adult Muslim with schizophrenia who had a PANSS-EC score <10, mild symptoms, risk of violent behavior. Participants with severe symptoms and complications from other diseases were excluded. Mindfulness-based Asmaul Husna consisted of Musyahadah-witnessing, tassawur-imagination, tafakkur-contemplation, tadabbur-reflection, and muhasabah-self-introspection was given to each participant over five days. A modified-Global Assessment Functioning (m-GAF) scale used to measure participants' general adaptive functional responses before and after intervention including follow-up at the first and second month after the intervention. Results. There was a significant increase of the m-GAF score (p < 0.001) and a chi-square value of 177.2 after the implementation of mindfulness-based Asmaul Husna intervention. The highest mean score difference was observed at the first and second follow-ups, conducted one and two months after the interventions. The effect size calculated using Kendall’s Wa indicates a significant effect (0.821). Conclusion. The study suggests there is a positive effect of the mindfulness-based Asmaul Husna intervention on adaptive functioning of people with schizophrenia.

Article Matrics
Abstract views : 352 times PDF Downloads: 104

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

  1. Adhikari, G. P. (2021). Calculating the sample size in quantitative studies. Scholars’ Journal, 14–29. https://doi.org/10.3126/scholars.v4i1.42458
  2. Arafa, H., Elmalky, M., & Zaki, M. (2017). Relationship between positive symptoms of Schizophrenia and level of anxiety among Schizophrenic patients. Menoufia Nursing Journal, 2(2), 15–22. https://doi.org/10.21608/menj.2017.129089
  3. Budiarto, E., Rahayu, R., & Fitriani, N. (2022). Predisposing and precipitating factors of Schizophrenic clients with the risk of violent behavior and hallucination. Berita Ilmu Keperawatan, 15(2), 158–163. https://doi.org/10.23917/bik.v15i2.17726
  4. Canty, N. (2017). Bibliotherapy: Its processes and benefits and application in clinical and developmental settings. LOGOS Journal of the World Book Community, 28(3), 32–40. https://doi.org/10.1163/1878-4712-11112133
  5. Cao, S., Geok, S. K., Roslan, S., Qian, S., Sun, H., Lam, S. K., & Liu, J. (2022). Mindfulness-Based Interventions for the Recovery of Mental Fatigue: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137825
  6. Chen, F., Lv, X., Fang, J., Yu, S., Sui, J., Fan, L., Li, T., Hong, Y., Wang, X., Wang, W., & Jiang, T. (2015). The effect of body–mind relaxation meditation induction on major depressive disorder: A resting-state fMRI study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 183, 75–82. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2015.04.030
  7. Chien, W. T., Bressington, D., Yip, A., & Karatzias, T. (2017). An international multi-site, randomized controlled trial of a mindfulness-based psychoeducation group programme for people with schizophrenia. Psychological Medicine, 47(12), 2081–2096. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291717000526
  8. Decree of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Concerning the Implementation of an Electronic-Based Government System in the Health Sector and Transformation Strategy Digital Kesehatan, Pub. L. No. I added the related eHealth application has been recognized as a valuable tool to support symptom recognition and monitoring, 96 (2022).
  9. Diggle, P. J., & Taylor-Robinson, D. (2019). Longitudinal data analysis. In W. Ahrens & I. Pigeot (Eds.), Handbook of Epidemiology (pp. 1–34). Springer New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6625-3_75-1
  10. Dwidiyanti, M., Rahmawati, A. M., & Sawitri, D. R. (2021). The effect of Islamic spiritual mindfulness on self-efficacy in anger management among Schizophrenic patients. Nurse Media Journal of Nursing, 11(3), 404–412. https://doi.org/10.14710/nmjn.v11i3.37401
  11. Frisk, L. (2012). The practice of mindfulness: from Buddhism to secular mainstream in a post-secular society. Scripta Instituti Donneriani Aboensis, 24, 48–61. https://doi.org/10.30674/scripta.67408
  12. Hall, R. C. W. (1995). Global assessment of functioning: A modified Scale. Psychosomatics, 36(3), 267–275. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0033-3182(95)71666-8
  13. Harvey, P. D., & Rosenthal, J. B. (2018). Cognitive and functional deficits in people with schizophrenia: Evidence for accelerated or exaggerated aging? Schizophrenia Research, 196, 14–21. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2017.05.009
  14. Hasan, A. B. P., & Tanjung, H. (2018). Islamic religious based mental health education: Developing framework for Indonesia mental health policy analysis. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR), 127(6), 20–24. https://doi.org/10.2991/icaaip-17.2018.5
  15. Hodann-Caudevilla, R. M., Díaz-Silveira, C., Burgos-Julián, F. A., & Santed, M. A. (2020). Mindfulness-based interventions for people with schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(13), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134690
  16. Houser, J. (2018). Nursing Research: Reading, Using and Creating Evidence. In Jones & Barlett Learning (4th ed.). Jones & Barlett Learning.
  17. Irfan, Efri Widianti, & Shelly Iskandar. (2018). Effect of schizophrenia care application (Ics Mobile) on family knowledge about activities daily living (ADL) to schizophrenic patients. Padjadjaran Nursing Journal, 6(2), 190–196. https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp
  18. Isgandarova, N. (2019a). Muraqaba as a mindfulness-based therapy in Islamic psychotherapy. Journal of Religion and Health, 58(4), 1146–1160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-018-0695-y
  19. Isgandarova, N. (2019b). Muraqaba as a mindfulness-based therapy in Islamic psychotherapy. Journal of Religion and Health, 58(4), 1146–1160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-018-0695-y
  20. Kanchanatawan, B., Thika, S., Sirivichayakul, S., Carvalho, A. F., Geffard, M., & Maes, M. (2018). In Schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, and physiosomatic symptoms are strongly related to psychotic symptoms and excitation, impairments in episodic memory, and increased production of neurotoxic tryptophan catabolites: A Multivariate and machine learning. Neurotoxicity Research, 33(3), 641–655. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12640-018-9868-4
  21. Kang, Y., Gruber, J., & Gray, J. R. (2012). Mindfulness and De-Automatization. Emotion Review, 5(2), 192–201. https://doi.org/10.1177/1754073912451629
  22. Keepers, G. A., Fochtmann, L. J., Anzia, J. M., Benjamin, S., Lyness, J. M., Mojtabai, R., Servis, M., Walaszek, A., Buckley, P., Lenzenweger, M. F., Young, A. S., Degenhardt, A., & Hong, S. H. (2021). The American psychiatric association practice guideline for the treatment of patients with schizophrenia. In American Journal of Psychiatry (Third Edit, Vol. 177, Issue 9). American Psychiatric Association. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.177901
  23. Khoury, B., Lecomte, T., Gaudiano, B. A., & Paquin, K. (2013). Mindfulness interventions for psychosis: a meta-analysis. Schizophrenia Research, 150(1), 176–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2013.07.055
  24. Louise, S., Fitzpatrick, M., Strauss, C., Rossell, S. L., & Thomas, N. (2018). Mindfulness- and acceptance-based interventions for psychosis: Our current understanding and a meta-analysis. Schizophrenia Research, 192, 57–63. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2017.05.023
  25. Mastuki. (2020). Become Muslim, become Indonesian). Ministry of Religion Republic Indonesia. https://kemenag.go.id/opini/menjadi-muslim.
  26. Ministry of Health Republic Indonesia. (2014). Health law number 18 (pp. 1–27). Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia.
  27. Ministry of Health Republic Indonesia. (2019). Indonesia Health Profile 2018.
  28. Mossbarger, B. (2005). A Modified Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) Scale for Use in Long-Term Care Settings. Educational Gerontology, 31, 715–725. https://doi.org/10.1080/03601270500217746
  29. Müller, S., & Riedmüller, R. (2017). How will the mild encephalitis hypothesis of schizophrenia influence stigmatization? Frontiers in Psychiatry, 8(MAY). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00067
  30. Munsoor, M. S., & Sa’ari, C. Z. (2017). Contemplative framework and practices: An Islamic perspective. Journal of Usuluddin, 45(1), 93–120. https://doi.org/10.22452/usuluddin.vol45no1.4
  31. Özdemir, A. A., & Kavak Budak, F. (2022). The effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction training on hope, psychological well-being, and functional recovery in patients with schizophrenia. Clinical Nursing Research, 31(2), 183–193. https://doi.org/10.1177/10547738211039069
  32. Parrott, J. (2017). How to be a mindful muslim: An Exercise in Islamic Mediation. Yaqeen Institute for Islamic Research.
  33. Patel, K. R., Cherian, J., Gohil, K., & Atkinson, D. (2014). Schizophrenia: Overview and treatment options. P and T, 39(9), 638–645.
  34. Rasool, S., Zeeshan, M., Zafar, Ali, Z., & Erum, A. (2020). Schizophrenia - An Overview. JAMA Psychiatry, 77(2), 201–210. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.3360
  35. Salmoirago-Blotcher, E., Hunsinger, M., Morgan, L., Fischer, D., & Carmody, J. (2013). Mindfulness-based stress reduction and change in health-related behaviors. Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 18(4), 243–247. https://doi.org/10.1177/2156587213488600
  36. Schuman-Olivier, Z., Trombka, M., Lovas, D. A., Brewer, J. A., Vago, D. R., Gawande, R., Dunne, J. P., Lazar, S. W., Loucks, E. B., & Fulwiler, C. (2020a). Mindfulness and behavior change. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 28(6), 371–394. https://doi.org/10.1097/HRP.0000000000000277
  37. Schuman-Olivier, Z., Trombka, M., Lovas, D. A., Brewer, J. A., Vago, D. R., Gawande, R., Dunne, J. P., Lazar, S. W., Loucks, E. B., & Fulwiler, C. (2020b). Mindfulness and behavior change. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 28(6), 371–394. https://doi.org/10.1097/HRP.0000000000000277
  38. Shonin, E., & Van Gordon, W. (2016). The Mechanisms of Mindfulness in the Treatment of Mental Illness and Addiction. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 14(5), 844–849. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-016-9653-7
  39. Siagian, I. M., Suryani, S., & Sutini, T. (2021). The lived experiences of adolescents Living with a schizophrenic mother. Padjadjaran Nursing Journal, 9(1), 29–40. https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp
  40. Smith, M. R., Thompson, C., Marcora, S. M., Skorski, S., Meyer, T., & Coutts, A. J. (2018). Mental fatigue and soccer: Current knowledge and future directions. Sports Medicine, 48(7), 1525–1532. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-018-0908-2
  41. Suart, G. W., Keliat, B. A., & Pasaribu. (2016). Principles and practice of mental health nursing (Indonesian version). Elsevier.
  42. Ueda, N., Maruo, K., & Sumiyoshi, T. (2018). Positive symptoms and time perception in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis. Schizophrenia Research: Cognition, 13(July), 3–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scog.2018.07.002
  43. Van Den Oord, E. J. C. G., Rujescu, D., Robles, J. R., Giegling, I., Birrell, C., Bukszár, J., Murrelle, L., Möller, H. J., Middleton, L., & Muglia, P. (2006). Factor structure and external validity of the PANSS revisited. Schizophrenia Research, 82(2–3), 213–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2005.09.002
  44. WHO. (2022). Schizophrenia. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/schizophrenia
  45. Yulina Astuti, H. W., Agustin, M., Sari, S. P., Wijayanti, D. Y., Sarjana, W., & Locsin, R. C. (2020). Effects of mindfulness on stimulating hope and recovery among people with schizophrenia. Nurse Media Journal of Nursing, 10(2), 119–129. https://doi.org/10.14710/nmjn.v10i2.28775