Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Padjadjaran of Nursing Journal

Original

Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran

Factors impacting decreased basic immunization coverage in infants: Risk of dangerous diseases

DOI
https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v12i1.2325
Submitted
July 22, 2023
Published
2024-04-30

Abstract

Background: The data reveal a consistent decrease in the overall immunization coverage for babies in Kota Pariaman over a span of four years. Specifically, the coverage rates were recorded as 81.8% in 2018, 78.6% in 2019, 55.7% in 2020, and 66.7% in 2021. Purpose: The aim of this study is to identify the factors that contribute to the decrease in the achievement of complete basic immunization among children in Kota Pariaman. Methods: The present study used the quantitative research method with a cross-sectional design. The study sample comprised of mothers with infants aged 12 months residing in Pariaman City. A purposive sampling method was employed to choose a total of 154 participants. The research was carried out between March 2022 and October 2022. Univariate analysis describes variable frequency, bivariate examines relationships using chi-square (p<0.05) and multivariate employs logistic regression, identifying influential variables. Results: Key findings include a lack of knowledge (40.3%), non-supportive attitudes of mothers (56.5%), mistrust by mothers (42.9%), limited access to health resources (52.6%), and inadequate family support (48.1%). There was significant support from healthcare workers (94.2%) and moderate backing from community leaders (56.5%). Significantly, a noteworthy association was observed between knowledge (p < 0.05), attitudes (p < 0.05), and family support (p < 0.05), and the successful attainment of fundamental vaccinations. Conclusions: Factors leading to the decreased rate of complete basic immunization for infants in Kota Pariaman include attitude, family support, and knowledge. As a remedy, local governments and health workers are urged to proactively provide health education on the significance of full basic immunization for infants. This preventive measure is paramount in safeguarding against severe acute illnesses, benefiting both the child and the broader community

Article Matrics
Abstract views : 293 times PDF Downloads: 211

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

  1. Astuti, R. W. (2021). Determinants of completeness of basic infant immunization at Community Health centers Tomuan Kota Pematang Siantar (Vol. 4, Issue ue 1)). State Islamic University of North Sumatra Medan.
  2. Balgovind, P., & Mohammadnezhad, M. (2022). Factors affecting childhood immunization: Thematic analysis of parents and healthcare workers’ perceptions. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 18(6), 2137338. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2022.2137338
  3. Bamforth, E. (2020). New York City’s measles outbreak declared over. UPI. https://www.upi.com/Health_News/2020/09/03/New-York-Citys-measles-outbreak-declared-over/6071599136822/
  4. Bramer, B. (2020). California’s vaccination rates are dropping amid the COVID-19 pandemic. ABC News. https://abcnews.go.com/Health/californias-vaccination-rates-dropping-amid-covid-19-pandemic/story?id=70758384
  5. Devi, P., Rizkianti, A., Loho, T., & Gurning, M. (2021). Factors associated with incomplete immunization in children under two years in a health center in Medan. Health Journal, 16(1), 39–45.
  6. Erlinawati. (2021). Determinan pemanfaatan pelayanan imunisasi dasar pada keluarga miskin di kota Lhokseumawe (pp. 1–138).
  7. Fernandez, L. (2020). Ohio’s vaccination rates drop amid COVID-19 pandemic. In NBC4 WCMH-TV. https://www.nbc4i.com/news/local-news/ohios-vaccination-rates-drop-amid-covid-19-pandemic/
  8. Frellick, M. (2020). Vaccine rates for all ages drop dramatically during covid-19.
  9. Harahap, E. D. (2019). Factors influencing maternal behavior towards providing basic immunization to infants in Situmbaga village, East Halonganan District, North Padang Lawas Regency. Journal of Community Public Health, 2.
  10. Hardiyanti, F., Abdullah, S., & Aryani, S. S. (2023). Factors associated with incomplete basic immunization in infants aged 12-24 months in Musi Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatera, Indonesia. Health Journal, 18(1), 17–22.
  11. Kartini, S. (2021). The impact of maternal knowledge on infant immunization: A qualitative study. Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences, 8(2), 89–102.
  12. Kitamura, T., Komada, K., Xeuatvongsa, A., & Hachiya, M. (2013). Factors affecting childhood immunization in Lao People’s Democratic Republic: A cross-sectional study from nationwide, population-based, multistage cluster sampling. Bioscience Trends, 7(4), 178–185.
  13. Noh, J., Kim, Y., Akram, N., Yoo, K. B., Cheon, J., Jung, Y., & Lee, E. (2018). Factors affecting complete and timely childhood immunization coverage in Sindh, Pakistan; a secondary analysis of cross-sectional survey data. PloS One, 13(10), 0206766.
  14. Notoadmodjo, & Prasetya, F. (2019). Introduction to health behavioral science. Rineka Cipta. Guapedia Group.
  15. Paul, E., Steptoe, A., & Fancourt, D. (2020). Anti-vaccine attitudes and risk factors for not agreeing to vaccination against COVID-19 amongst 32,361 UK adults: Implications for public health communications. MedRxiv, 2020–10.
  16. Saxena, A., Desai, S., & Desai, R. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic leads to drop in vaccination rates in Virginia. In WTVR CBS 6 News. https://www.wtvr.com/news/coronavirus/covid-19-pandemic-leads-to-drop-in-vaccination-
  17. Susanti, R. (2019). Maternal knowledge and immunization coverage among infants in rural areas. Journal of Public Health, 10(3), 234–245.
  18. Swarjana, I. K. (2022). The concept of knowledge, attitudes, behavior, perception, stress, anxiety, pain, social support, compliance, motivation, satisfaction, covid-19 pandemic, access to health services-complete with theoretical concepts, how to measure variables and sample questionnaires (R (I. (ed.)). CV Andi Offset., Ed.).
  19. W.H.O. (2020). At least 80 million children under one at risk of diseases such as diphtheria, measles and polio as COVID-19 disrupts routine vaccination efforts, warn Gavi, WHO and UNICEF (pp. 02-19-0-). https://www.who.int/news-